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- GRABBER.COM Ver. 2.20
- ----------------------
- The Screen-Capture Program
- for the IBM PC/XT/AT
- and Color/Graphics Adapter
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- DOCUMENTATION AND TECHNICAL NOTES
- November 21, 1987
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- Copyright (C) 1987 by
- Gerald A. Monroe
- All rights reserved.
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- GRABBER is currently marketed as a shareware program.
-
- This means you have the opportunity to use and evaluate it
- before you decide to buy. If you find that it meets your
- expectations, then you are strongly encouraged to send your
- contribution of $5.00 to me at the address given below.
-
- That's a very reasonable price, I think, for the very unique
- and efficient utility you've received in this package. Whether
- you use your computer mainly for spreadsheet analysis, system
- development, PC consulting or just playing games, I'm sure
- you'll find GRABBER a very helpful tool.
-
- From a programmer's perspective, GRABBER is a prime candidate
- for your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. It takes advantage of some of
- DOS's most interesting characteristics to perform file I/O
- safely and promptly whenever called upon. GRABBER is fully
- compatible with Borland's SideKick (tm), provided it is loaded
- before that program, and has tested reliably in some of the
- most treacherous memory environments I could cook up.
-
- Avid users, please send your $5.00 contributions to:
-
- Jerry Monroe
- 1241 Bunts Road
- Lakewood, Ohio 44107
-
-
- If you have any questions or comments concerning GRABBER.COM,
- and you have a modem, please leave a message for Jerry Monroe
- on Norm Henke's PC-Ohio BBS at (216) 381-3320.
-
-
- GRABBER.COM -- Documentation and Technical Notes Page 2 of 4
-
-
-
- PART I
- ------------
-
-
- GRABBER.COM, Ver. 2.20, is a memory-resident screen-capture
- utility for the IBM Personal Computer and true compatibles.
-
- Requirements: IBM PC, XT, AT or compatible computer; one
- diskette drive; Color/Graphics display adapter;
- PC- or MS-DOS Version 2.0 or greater.
-
- Unlike any other resident screen-capture program of which the
- author is yet aware, GRABBER saves all text and graphics screens
- produced by the Color/Graphics Adapter to an executable .COM
- file. In order to restore the saved image to the screen, it is
- necessary only to execute the resulting program file at the DOS
- command level. Interpreted BASIC BLOADers and similar external
- front-end methods are unnecessary.
-
- To install the program in memory, type GRABBER [d:] at the DOS
- prompt. If the optional drive parameter is absent, GRABBER will
- save screen images to the current logged drive and path whenever
- the proper "trigger" keystrokes are detected. If a valid drive
- parameter is specified, all images will be saved to program files
- on that logical or physical drive.
-
- GRABBER does not recognize subdirectory names on the command
- line. Users of DOS versions 3.10 and above, however, may use the
- external SUBST command to refer to any path in their hard disk
- tree structures using a logical drive letter.
-
- Unlike previous versions of GRABBER, Version 2.20 allows you to
- specify a new drive parameter, or none at all, at any time.
- Simply re-invoke the program at the DOS prompt, and the new
- parameter will replace the old one.
-
-
- GRABBER.COM -- Documentation and Technical Notes Page 3 of 4
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-
-
- Once GRABBER has attached itself to the resident portion of DOS,
- it monitors all keyboard activity, waiting for the key combina-
- tions of Ctrl-= (or Ctrl-1) before springing into action. These
- two keystroke combinations have different uses which are ex-
- plained below. Upon detecting the trigger, GRABBER steps in to
- create a .COM program file containing the current text or graph-
- ics image, either in the current default path or the pre-
- specified path, as explained above. Control is then returned to
- DOS or the interrupted application.
-
- If a capture request is made via the trigger keys and an error is
- encountered while writing the "offspring" .COM file, the program
- will signal the error condition by sounding three short beeps on
- the PC's speaker. The beeps mean that the image has not been
- saved, and the user should correct the error condition and try
- the capture again. Common errors include trying to write to an
- empty diskette drive, a write-protected or damaged disk, or a
- disk whose directory or data space is already full. (If GRABBER
- signals an error while attempting to write to a hard disk, this
- could indicate a very serious problem with the disk, and the user
- should investigate the cause immediately.)
-
- As noted above, GRABBER responds to two key combinations: Ctrl-=
- and Ctrl-1. To capture any text image and most graphics images
- to disk, use Ctrl-=.
-
- In some situations where a graphics captured is required, it may
- be necessary to use Ctrl-1 instead. The graphics mode of Lotus
- 1-2-3, Rel. 1 and 1A(*), is one such situation. This program,
- and others which may be encountered by the user, employ custom
- video drivers to manipulate the display screen directly without
- using the PC's built-in video services, which act rather slowly.
-
- In normal operation (Ctrl-=), GRABBER depends on the computer's
- BIOS data area to determine whether the display is in graphics or
- text mode, and consequently, how large a screen file to create.
- And since most programs keep the video BIOS informed of their
- whereabouts, Ctrl-= normally gives the intended result.
-
- The above-mentioned versions of 1-2-3, however, do not update the
- BIOS when switching to graphics mode, so that using Ctrl-= in
- this situation creates a screen file displaying only garbage. If
- Ctrl-1 is used, GRABBER will disregard the BIOS and assume that
- the display is in the medium-resolution graphics mode, with color
- enabled (Video Mode 4).
-
- To clarify things, 1-2-3 Rel. 2.0 and above use Ctrl-= in any
- video mode. Rel. 1 and 1A(*) use Ctrl-1 only in graphics mode,
- and Ctrl-= in text mode.
-
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- GRABBER.COM -- Documentation and Technical Notes Page 4 of 4
-
-
- PART II
- ------------
-
-
- GRABBER.COM's "offspring," i.e. the screen programs it creates,
- are named sequentially, SCREEN_A.COM, SCREEN_B.COM, and so forth.
- The filenames will start over again at SCREEN_A every time the
- computer is rebooted, or after the twenty-sixth snapshot in a
- session (SCREEN_Z) is taken. In order to prevent valued screen
- files from being overwritten by new screens with the same name,
- therefore, it is advisable to REName them at the first available
- opportunity to something more descriptive. (Of course, the
- renamed file must retain the .COM extension to be recognized by
- DOS as an executable program.)
-
- Suppose that you have created a bar graph using 1-2-3 and
- captured the image to disk, renaming the file GRAPH.COM.
- Entering the command GRAPH [/F] at the DOS prompt will restore
- the graphics image to the screen almost instantly. (More on the
- optional /F switch in a moment.) The GRAPH program then clears
- the keyboard buffer and pauses until a key is pressed. At this
- point, the screen is cleared, the video mode and palette in
- effect when GRAPH.COM was invoked will be restored, and the
- cursor will reappear at the lower left-hand corner of the screen.
-
- When invoked, GRABBER offspring always test the current video
- mode with the mode required to display the images they carry
- within them. If the modes differ, the offspring programs will
- blank the screen for about half a second (8 "ticks" of the system
- clock) before displaying their images. This technique eliminates
- unattractive video "snow" patterns and the screen bounce which
- occurs when the Color/Graphics Adapter switches modes.
-
- If the modes are the same (for instance, you're in 80-column text
- mode at the DOS prompt and invoke an offspring program carrying
- an 80-column text screen), then the image will pop up almost
- before your finger can leave the Return key -- if the program re-
- sides on a RAM disk or hard disk, and only shortly thereafter if
- on a floppy.
-
- There are situations in which the user might wish to load an
- image on the screen and return control to DOS immediately,
- without having to press a key first. This is where the optional
- /F switch comes in. In the example above, the command GRAPH /F
- alters program execution so that the image is displayed as be-
- fore, but the cursor will be placed at the lower left corner of
- the screen right away and the DOS prompt will reappear there.
- This method does not restore the original video mode, however,
- and in this example the screen would remain in graphics mode when
- a text mode might be desired instead. The /F switch will probab-
- ly be most useful for text-mode images such as menu screens.